Chidziwitso: Pakali pano, dziko lapansi layamba kupanga mafakitale okhazikika ku North America, Europe, ndi Asia, ndipo chilichonse chili ndi ubwino wambiri m'madera osiyanasiyana.Chuma chotukuka chomwe chikuyimiridwa ndi United States, Japan, ndi Germany ndi mphamvu yopangira zida zonse zowunikira zowunikira za LED zili ndi mwayi pamsika wapamwamba kwambiri, wokhala ndi zida zapamwamba komanso dongosolo lathunthu la mafakitale, koma atsekeredwa. mu ntchito, mayendedwe, ndi unyolo katundu.mtengo wake…
Kukula kwamakampani
Pakalipano, dziko lapansi layamba kupanga mafakitale omwe ali m'madera atatu akuluakulu a North America, Europe ndi Asia, omwe ali ndi ubwino wambiri m'madera osiyanasiyana.Chuma chotukuka chomwe chikuyimiridwa ndi United States, Japan, ndi Germany ndi mphamvu yopangira zida zonse zowunikira zowunikira za LED zili ndi mwayi pamsika wapamwamba kwambiri, wokhala ndi zida zapamwamba komanso dongosolo lathunthu la mafakitale, koma atsekeredwa. mu ntchito, mayendedwe, ndi unyolo katundu.Zolepheretsa zokwera mtengo sizinapangitse zotsatira zazikulu.Pakati pa misika yomwe ikubwera ku Asia, mayiko monga India, Vietnam, ndi zina zotero, omwe adayambitsa makampani opanga magetsi a LED pambuyo pake, ali ndi mphamvu zopangira zinthu, koma chithandizo chawo cha mafakitale sichikwanira, ndipo akukumana ndi zovuta zandale ndi zachuma komanso zochepa. bwino chikhalidwe.ndi zina, zimakhala zovuta kupanga mpikisano mu nthawi yochepa.
Monga fakitale yapadziko lonse lapansi yopanga zowunikira za LED padziko lonse lapansi, China ndiyomwe imapanga komanso kutumiza kunja zinthu zowunikira za LED.Ili ndi mphamvu zopanga ndi kupanga zamakampani onse opanga zowunikira za LED, ndipo imakhala ndi mpikisano wamphamvu pakupanga, kufufuza ndi chitukuko ndi kugulitsa zinthu zowunikira za LED.
Kuphatikiza apo, m'zaka zaposachedwa, mphamvu yopangira zowunikira za LED yakula mwachangu, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti pakhale kutsika kwamakampani komanso mpikisano wowopsa wamsika.Mitundu yoyamba yapadziko lonse lapansi monga Signify ndi Osram, komanso zoyambira zapakhomo monga Oppo Lighting, zimatenga gawo lalikulu pamsika wazogulitsa zapakati mpaka zotsika kwambiri chifukwa cha mtundu wawo wamphamvu, njira, kasamalidwe ndi kasamalidwe kawo. kafukufuku waukadaulo ndi zabwino zachitukuko.Makampani ena owunikira a LED omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe awoawo luso komanso luso lachitukuko chazinthu atenganso mwayi woti chitukuko chamakampani chikule mwachangu, kulowa bwino pamsika wamagulu apakati mpaka apamwamba ndikukhala ndi gawo lina lamsika.Opanga magetsi ambiri ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati a LED, chifukwa cha zofooka zaukadaulo wazopanga, mtundu, mtundu ndi njira, makamaka amapikisana pamtengo pamsika wotsika.
Makhalidwe amakampani
Nthawi ndi nthawi
Ndi kukhwima kwapang'onopang'ono kwa ukadaulo wowunikira wa LED, komanso chidwi ndi chitsogozo chachitetezo champhamvu komanso chitetezo cha chilengedwe padziko lonse lapansi, makampani owunikira a LED abweretsa mwayi waukulu wachitukuko, kotero mawonekedwe anthawi zonse sawonekera.
Zachigawo
Pakalipano, makampani opanga magetsi padziko lonse lapansi adapanga njira yogawa mafakitale ndi mpikisano wokhazikika m'madera atatu akuluakulu a Asia, Europe ndi North America.China ndiye maziko ofunikira opangira ndi kutumiza kunja kwa zinthu zowunikira za LED padziko lapansi, ndipo Asia, Europe ndi North America ndimisika yofunikira kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
Zanyengo
Magawo ogwiritsira ntchito zinthu zowunikira za LED ndizokulirapo, ndipo pali zosoweka zanthawi yayitali komanso zokhazikika m'magawo osiyanasiyana monga moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, malonda, kupanga, uinjiniya, zoyendera, ndi zina zotere, kotero kuti msika wonse wamsika wamsika sizowonekera.Komabe, zinthu zowunikira zamalonda za LED zomwe zili pamsika ndizomakasitomala amalonda.Chifukwa cha chizolowezi chodya zakudya, nthawi ya tchuthi nthawi zambiri imakhala nthawi yayitali kwambiri yogulitsa.Pa nthawi ya "Khirisimasi" m'mayiko akunja, eni ake amtundu adzakulitsa kukwezedwa ndi kugulitsa zinthu zowunikira zamalonda.Choncho, theka lachiwiri la chaka ndi nthawi yogulitsa malonda a malonda ogulitsa malonda.Mu theka loyamba la chaka pambuyo pa tchuthi cha Chaka Chatsopano, malonda ndi otsika.Chifukwa chake, pali zinthu zina zanyengo mumakampani opanga zowunikira.
Mayendedwe ndi zifukwa zakusintha kwa phindu lamakampani
Msika wakumunsi wamakampani owunikira a LED uli ndi ntchito zambiri komanso kufunikira kwamphamvu pamsika.Magwero owunikira a LED akukumana ndi mpikisano wowopsa wamsika, ndipo phindu lazinthu ndi lotsika.Kuunikira kwanthawi zonse ndiye msika waukulu kwambiri wogwiritsa ntchito zowunikira za LED, ndipo kukula kwa magawo ake ndi kosiyana.Munda wowunikira kunyumba ukulowa pang'onopang'ono nthawi yokhwima, ndipo mawonekedwe ampikisano amsika amapangidwa.kufinyidwa kumlingo wina wake.
Magawo amsika monga kuunikira kwamalonda ndi kuyatsa kwa mafakitale ali pachitukuko chofulumira.Ndi kutukuka kosalekeza kwa zosowa zaumwini ndi zosinthidwa za makasitomala owunikira malonda, ndi kuwongolera zochitika zowunikira mafakitale pofuna chitetezo, chitonthozo, nzeru ndi zina zofunika, kuunikira kwa malonda Magawo a Msika monga kuunikira kwa mafakitale ndi kuunikira kwa mafakitale adzapitiriza kukula mofulumira, ndi kusiyanitsa. ndipo zinthu zopangidwa ndi makonda zimakhala ndi mtengo wowonjezera komanso phindu lalikulu.
Kuwunika mwayi ndi zovuta zomwe makampani amakumana nazo
Mwayi wokumana nawo
A. Maiko padziko lonse lapansi amalimbikitsa kutchuka kwa zinthu zowunikira za LED ndikuthandizira mfundo zadziko
Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu zamagetsi, kuteteza chilengedwe, komanso kuthana ndi kusintha kwa nyengo padziko lonse, maboma a mayiko otukuka monga United States, European Union, ndi Japan apereka ndondomeko zoletsa nyali zachikhalidwe ndi kuthandizira ndi kulimbikitsa. chitukuko cha mafakitale owunikira magetsi a LED.
B. Ukadaulo wowunikira wa LED ukupitilizabe, mitengo ikupitilizabe kutsika
Kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kumatsimikizira kukula kwachangu kwamakampani opanga zowunikira za LED.M'malo mwa nyali zopulumutsa mphamvu ndi zinthu zowunikira za LED ndiye njira yachitukuko chamakampani owunikira.Kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo wowunikira kwa LED kumawonekera makamaka m'magawo awiri: Choyamba, kuwongolera kosalekeza kwa kuwala kwa dzuwa.Malinga ndi deta yofunikira, mu 2018, mphamvu yowala ya ma LED opangidwa ndi mafakitale apamwamba kwambiri kuposa 180lm/W, mphamvu yowala ya nyali zamkati za LED kuposa 100lm/W, ndipo kuwala kowala kwa nyali zakunja kupitirira 130lm/W;chachiwiri, mtengo wamtengo wapatali unapitirizabe kuchepa.Kukhudzidwa ndi kuwongolera kwaukadaulo wa chip kumtunda, kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu zopanga komanso kukhathamiritsa kwa njira yopangira kuyatsa, mtengo wazinthu zazikulu zopangira zidatsika pang'onopang'ono, kuchepetsa mtengo wopangira kuyatsa kwa LED.Malinga ndi ziwerengero, potengera mtengo wa babu wa LED wofanana ndi ma watts 60, mtengo wake unali pafupifupi madola 45-50 a US pa chidutswa chilichonse mu Januwale 2011, koma pofika Julayi 2018, mtengowo udatsika mpaka $ 10. wa zinthu zowunikira za LED pang'onopang'ono zayandikira mtengo wa nyali zachikhalidwe zopulumutsa mphamvu.
C. Ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito zinthu zowunikira za LED ikupitiriza kukula
Ndi chitukuko chofulumira cha ukadaulo wowunikira wa LED, zisonyezo za ntchito zowunikira za LED monga kukhazikika, moyo wautumiki, luntha, CRI, kuwala kowoneka bwino kukukulirakulira, kufika pakukwaniritsa kufunikira kwa msika.Zowunikira za LED sizinangokhutiritsa kuyatsa wamba Komabe, molingana ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsira ntchito, magawo osiyanasiyana ogwiritsira ntchito amatengedwa, ndipo kukula kwa msika kukukulirakulira nthawi zonse.Zaka za m'ma 1990 zisanafike, makampani opanga magetsi a LED anali pachiyambi cha chitukuko.Dongosolo la mtundu wa mankhwala linali limodzi ndipo mtengo wake unali wapamwamba.Msika wofunsira udayendetsedwa makamaka ndi kufunikira kwa magetsi owunikira ndi magetsi owonetsa.Kuyambira pakati mpaka kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1990, makampani owunikira a LED adalowa mwachangu Mu gawo lachitukuko, kukula kwaukadaulo waukadaulo wabuluu ndi wobiriwira komanso kutsika kwamitengo yamitengo kunapangitsa kuyatsa kwa LED kutchuka kwambiri pantchito zamalonda ndipo kunakhala mphamvu yayikulu yoyendetsa. popanga msika wowunikira wa LED panthawiyo;ndi kukhwima mosalekeza luso ndi kuchepetsa mitengo zina, m'zaka zaposachedwapa Lai LED kuunikira zinthu pang'onopang'ono analoŵa m'madera ambiri monga kuunikira kunyumba ndi kuunikira mafakitale, kupanga yaikulu kuthekera ntchito msika.M'tsogolomu, ndi chitukuko cha kuunikira kwa malo, kuyatsa magalimoto ndi magawo ena ang'onoang'ono, kufunikira kwa msika kwa kuyatsa kwa LED kudzapitirira kukula mofulumira.
D. China ili ndi unyolo wathunthu wamakampani opanga zowunikira za LED, ndipo makampaniwa alowa gawo lokhwima lachitukuko
dziko langa zowunikira za LED zidayamba kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1960.Pambuyo pazaka pafupifupi 50 zachitukuko, makampani opanga zowunikira za LED mdziko langa achita bwino kwambiri, kuphatikiza kupanga zowotcha zamtundu wa LED, kukonza tchipisi ta LED, kuyika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zida za LED.Kuphatikizapo unyolo wathunthu wamafakitale.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, China imawona kufunikira kwakukulu pa kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha teknoloji yowunikira kuwala kwa LED, ndipo motsatizana yakhazikitsa ntchito zowunikira zobiriwira ndi ntchito zowunikira za semiconductor.Thandizani kafukufuku ndi chitukuko ndi ntchito zamafakitale zaukadaulo wowunikira wa LED, motero khalani ndi maziko abwino ofufuza ndi chitukuko, ndipo mukhale ndi zabwino zina pakuphatikiza kuyatsa kwa LED.
E. Miyezo yamakampani aku China ikupita patsogolo nthawi zonse, ndipo chitukuko chokhazikika chakhala chitsogozo
M'zaka zaposachedwa, motsogozedwa ndi madipatimenti aboma monga National Development and Reform Commission, National Standards Commission, Unduna wa Sayansi ndi Ukadaulo, Unduna wa Zamakampani ndi Upangiri Waukadaulo, ndikulimbikitsa mabungwe ndi mabungwe okhudzana ndi mafakitale, kuyezetsa ndi kutsimikizira kwa miyezo ya kuyatsa kwa LED mdziko muno kwapita patsogolo pang'onopang'ono.Malinga ndi ziwerengero za pulatifomu yapadziko lonse lapansi, kuyambira pa Meyi 31, 2021, dziko langa latulutsa miyezo 187 yapadziko lonse lapansi, miyezo yamakampani 174, ndi miyezo 247 yakumaloko yokhudzana ndi kuyatsa kwa LED, ndikuchita mwachangu ntchito yoyendetsa gulu. ndipo adatenga nawo gawo mu International Organisation ISO/TC274 standardization work.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa zowunikira za LED kukuchulukirachulukira, ndipo magawo ake oyambira pansi monga malo akunja, mabwalo amasewera, ndi zina zambiri akhazikitsa kasamalidwe koyenera.Kuphatikiza apo, Unduna wa Railways, Unduna wa Zolumikizana, ndi Unduna wa Zachitetezo cha Anthu akhazikitsanso miyezo yoyenera pazogwiritsa ntchito zowunikira za LED.Kukhazikitsidwa kwa miyezo ndi zikhalidwe zamakampani zomwe zili pamwambapa zithandizira kulimbikitsa chitukuko mwadongosolo komanso chokhazikika chamakampani owunikira magetsi a LED.
Mavuto amene anakumana nawo
A. Ukadaulo wapakatikati ndi wofooka
Pakalipano, gawo lalikulu la zinthu zowunikira za LED za dziko langa zimatumizidwa kunja, ndipo misika ya mayiko otukuka / zigawo ku Ulaya ndi United States ndi yosiyana ndi msika wapakhomo.Iwo ali ndi malire okhwima olowera ndipo amapanga njira zoyendetsera trust.Zowunikira za LED zimayika mikhalidwe yofikira pamsika.Komabe, matekinoloje apakatikati amakampani akuunikira a LED akudziko langa m'magawo a zida zapamwamba kwambiri, kapangidwe ka kuwala, kasamalidwe ka mphamvu, ndi ukadaulo wakutulutsa kutentha kwakhala kofooka kwa nthawi yayitali.Makampani owunikira a LED alibe mwayi wopikisana nawo muukadaulo.Zopinga zazikulu zamisika yotukuka.
B. Chikoka chamakampani opanga zowunikira za LED ndizofooka
Potengera chitukuko cha zigawo zosiyanasiyana padziko lonse lapansi, makampani opanga zowunikira za LED padziko lonse lapansi apanga njira zitatu zogawa mafakitale ndi mpikisano wolamulidwa ndi United States, Asia, ndi Europe, ndipo zawonetsa kuti Japan, United States. , ndipo Germany ndi atsogoleri amakampani.China Taiwan ndi South Korea zinatsatira kwambiri, ndipo China, Malaysia ndi mayiko ena / zigawo zinatsatira mwakhama kugawa kwa echelon.Padziko lonse lapansi, zimphona zapadziko lonse lapansi monga Signify ndi Osram zimakhala ndi gawo lalikulu pamsika wazinthu zapamwamba.Iwo ali ndi makhalidwe awo mu malonda ndi misika, kupanga unyolo wathunthu mafakitale nyali LED, ndi kupezerapo mwayi mu zinthu zatsopano ndi matekinoloje atsopano.Ubwino waukadaulo, womwe umapangidwa makamaka pakupanga zinthu zomwe zimawonjezedwa pamtengo wapamwamba kwambiri, kudziwa matekinoloje ofunikira monga zida zapamwamba, kapangidwe ka kuwala, kasamalidwe ka mphamvu, komanso ukadaulo wochotsa kutentha.Komabe, makampani owunikira zapakhomo a LED ali ndi zofooka zokweza mtundu komanso kuthekera kowonjezera mtengo, kapena amatsata kuchuluka kwa malonda ndikunyalanyaza zomanga, ndipo pali makampani ocheperako omwe ali ndi mpikisano wapadziko lonse lapansi.
C. Chochitika cha mpikisano wofanana ndi chachikulu
Mankhwala homogeneity wakhala mmodzi wa mavuto amene anavutitsa dziko langa LED makampani kuyatsa.Popeza msika wowunikira wa LED uli pamlingo wokulirakulira, mabizinesi ena ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati pamakampani adayika ndalama zochepa pakufufuza ndi chitukuko chazogulitsa ndiukadaulo, makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zotsika mtengo.Mtengo umatsogolera msika, zomwe zimatsogolera ku mpikisano wosalongosoka komanso kuphatikizika kwazinthu mumakampani owunikira a LED.Mavutowa samangokhudza phindu la makampani ounikira a LED, komanso sakhala othandiza pa chitukuko chathanzi komanso chokhazikika cha makampani owunikira magetsi a LED.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-06-2022